Definitions & Industry Terms

What is a galley copy?

By the WriteLoom editorial teamUpdated 2026-05-28
Key facts
  • A near-final version of a book used for proofreading and pre-publication review.
  • Modern galleys are PDF or print proofs from layout software.
  • Ships 30-90 days before publication.
  • Recipients: proofreaders, bookstores, major reviewers, librarians.
  • The term comes from old typesetting (galley = long metal tray).
Direct answer

A galley (or galley copy) is a near-final version of a book used for proofreading and pre-publication review. The term comes from old typesetting; modern galleys are typically PDF or print proofs from the interior layout software. Galleys ship to proofreaders, bookstores, and major reviewers 30-90 days before publication.

Chapter i·Why it matters

Galleys are how the industry checks the typeset book before mass production. A galley pass catches errors that survived copy editing — formatting issues, image placement problems, header inconsistencies. Skipping the galley pass is how typos and layout errors reach final printed books.

Chapter ii·What to include

  • An interior-formatted PDF or print proof.
  • A galley distribution list: proofreaders, bookstores, reviewers, librarians.
  • A clear "galley copy, not for sale" watermark or label.
  • A 30-90 day timeline before publication.
  • A proofreader review against the galley.
  • A list of acceptable changes during the galley stage (typos, formatting only).

Chapter iii·Example

A small press ships 50 galley PDFs at T-90: 20 to industry reviewers, 15 to bookstores, 10 to libraries, 5 to the proofreader. The proofreader returns 23 catches (12 typos, 8 formatting, 3 image placement). All 23 are fixed before final production at T-30.

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